Molecular Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Producing blaVIM, blaNDM, and blaIMP in Clinical Centers in Isfahan, Iran

Background: The emergence and spread of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae are growing global public health concerns. One the most common mechanisms carbapenem resistance is production MBLs, including Verona integron-encoded (VIM), New Delhi (NDM) imipenemase (IMP). Objectives: This study aimed to investigate MBLs among K. isolates. Methods: In this study, 240 isolates were collected from clinical samples in three centers Isfahan, Iran, during February 2017 November 2018. All identified using biochemical, microbiological, molecular methods, then antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed find MBL-producing via phenotypic genotypic detection methods. Moreover, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) antibiotics against MBL-positive strains was determined by E-test. Eventually, clonal relatedness analyzed both multilocus sequence typing (MLST) rep-PCR. Results: Overall, 33.7% (81/240) resistant carbapenems, which 25 (30.8%) considered MBL-positive. Among 81 genes encoding FimH, rmpA, mrkD detected 87.6% (71/81), 11.1% (9/81), 67.9% (55/81) isolates, respectively. Besides, TEM SHV as antibiotic 49.3% (40/81) 80.2% (65/81) But, magA not any tested PCR results revealed that blaVIM-1 prevalent gene (13.6%; 11/81), while blaIMP-1 blaNDM-1 only two Multilocus demonstrated 15 MBL producers belonged types (ST): 11 ST23, ST1147, ST15. Finally, rep-PCR showed similar fingerprints with MLST, except for such ST23 discriminated groups, suggesting greater discriminatory power Conclusions: Here, we reported Iran. findings alarming represent urgent need application infection control programs.